Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT).The following tools are available for ICU patients: Pain and sedation levels should be assessed frequently in the ICU, at least every four hours, and reassessment should be performed within one hour after an intervention is made. Ask the family to help identify pain behaviors.Attempt to obtain a patient’s self-report of pain.The ICU Liberation’s implementation tools offer a stepwise approach to pain assessment. Choosing the best intervention to treat pain is challenging. A reliable and valid pain assessment is the foundation for effective pain treatment. Patients with diminished communication or cognitive capabilities are at risk of experiencing higher levels of pain. The inability to communicate verbally does not negate the possibility that a patient is experiencing pain. The “A” element of the ICU Liberation Bundle consists of assessing, preventing, and managing pain. Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience that is best reported by the person who is experiencing it, although self-reporting can be a challenge in the ICU.
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